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          基于Redis的setnx实现分布式锁
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        <h1 id="基于Redis的setnx实现分布式锁"><a href="#基于Redis的setnx实现分布式锁" class="headerlink" title="基于Redis的setnx实现分布式锁"></a>基于Redis的setnx实现分布式锁</h1><h2 id="实现原理"><a href="#实现原理" class="headerlink" title="实现原理"></a>实现原理</h2><ul>
<li><p>获取锁的 Redis 命令</p>
<figure class="highlight sh"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">set</span> resource_name my_random_value NX PX 30000</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>说明：</p>
<ul>
<li>resource_name：资源名称，可根据不同的业务区分不同的锁</li>
<li>my_random_value：随机值，每个线程的随机值都不同，用于释放锁的校验</li>
<li>NX：key 不存在时设置成功，key存在则设置不成功</li>
<li>PX：自动失效时间，出现异常情况，锁可以过期失效</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<span id="more"></span>

<ul>
<li><p>释放锁采用Redis的delete命令</p>
</li>
<li><p>释放锁时校验之前设置的随机数，相同才能释放（确保只能同一个线程才能释放锁）</p>
</li>
<li><p>释放锁的LUA脚本（为什么？因为delete并没有提供校验的功能）</p>
<p><img src="https://gitee.com/littlefxc/oss/raw/master/images/QQ20210507-231010@2x.png" alt="原理"></p>
<p>为了防止出现上面这种情况（A释放了B的锁），于是就有了下面的这段代码，释放锁之前检查一下值正不正确。</p>
<figure class="highlight lua"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> redis.call(<span class="string">&quot;get&quot;</span>, KEYS[<span class="number">1</span>]) == ARGV[<span class="number">1</span>] <span class="keyword">then</span> </span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> redis.call(<span class="string">&quot;del&quot;</span>, KEYS[<span class="number">1</span>])</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">end</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="实战"><a href="#实战" class="headerlink" title="实战"></a>实战</h2><h3 id="根据上述原理，编写分布式锁"><a href="#根据上述原理，编写分布式锁" class="headerlink" title="根据上述原理，编写分布式锁"></a>根据上述原理，编写分布式锁</h3><figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Slf4j</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">RedisLock</span> <span class="keyword">implements</span> <span class="title">AutoCloseable</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> RedisTemplate redisTemplate;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> String key;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> String value;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">//单位：秒</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> expireTime;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="title">RedisLock</span><span class="params">(RedisTemplate redisTemplate,String key,<span class="keyword">int</span> expireTime)</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.redisTemplate = redisTemplate;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.key = key;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.expireTime=expireTime;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">this</span>.value = UUID.randomUUID().toString();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="comment">/**</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     * 获取分布式锁</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     * <span class="doctag">@return</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">     */</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">getLock</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        RedisCallback&lt;Boolean&gt; redisCallback = connection -&gt; &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//设置NX</span></span><br><span class="line">            RedisStringCommands.SetOption setOption = RedisStringCommands.SetOption.ifAbsent();</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//设置过期时间</span></span><br><span class="line">            Expiration expiration = Expiration.seconds(expireTime);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//序列化key</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">byte</span>[] redisKey = redisTemplate.getKeySerializer().serialize(key);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//序列化value</span></span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">byte</span>[] redisValue = redisTemplate.getValueSerializer().serialize(value);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="comment">//执行setnx操作</span></span><br><span class="line">            Boolean result = connection.set(redisKey, redisValue, expiration, setOption);</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">return</span> result;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//获取分布式锁</span></span><br><span class="line">        Boolean lock = (Boolean)redisTemplate.execute(redisCallback);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> lock;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">unLock</span><span class="params">()</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        String script = <span class="string">&quot;if redis.call(\&quot;get\&quot;,KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then\n&quot;</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;    return redis.call(\&quot;del\&quot;,KEYS[1])\n&quot;</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;else\n&quot;</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;    return 0\n&quot;</span> +</span><br><span class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;end&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">        RedisScript&lt;Boolean&gt; redisScript = RedisScript.of(script,Boolean.class);</span><br><span class="line">        List&lt;String&gt; keys = Arrays.asList(key);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">        Boolean result = (Boolean)redisTemplate.execute(redisScript, keys, value);</span><br><span class="line">        log.info(<span class="string">&quot;释放锁的结果：&quot;</span>+result);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> result;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">close</span><span class="params">()</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        unLock();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>示例：</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@RequestMapping(&quot;redisLock&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> String <span class="title">redisLock</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    log.info(<span class="string">&quot;我进入了方法！&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">try</span> (RedisLock redisLock = <span class="keyword">new</span> RedisLock(redisTemplate,<span class="string">&quot;redisKey&quot;</span>,<span class="number">30</span>))&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (redisLock.getLock()) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            log.info(<span class="string">&quot;我进入了锁！！&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            Thread.sleep(<span class="number">15000</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (InterruptedException e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    log.info(<span class="string">&quot;方法执行完成&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">&quot;方法执行完成&quot;</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="通过定时任务（spring-task）集群部署校验编写的分布式锁"><a href="#通过定时任务（spring-task）集群部署校验编写的分布式锁" class="headerlink" title="通过定时任务（spring-task）集群部署校验编写的分布式锁"></a>通过定时任务（spring-task）集群部署校验编写的分布式锁</h3><p><img src="https://gitee.com/littlefxc/oss/raw/master/images/Springtaskredislock.png"></p>
<p>说明：哪个服务获取锁，就哪个服务执行任务A，来解决任务A重复执行的问题。</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Service</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">@Slf4j</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">SchedulerService</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Autowired</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">private</span> RedisTemplate redisTemplate;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Scheduled(cron = &quot;0/5 * * * * ?&quot;)</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">sendSms</span><span class="params">()</span></span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">try</span>(RedisLock redisLock = <span class="keyword">new</span> RedisLock(redisTemplate,<span class="string">&quot;autoSms&quot;</span>,<span class="number">30</span>)) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            <span class="keyword">if</span> (redisLock.getLock())&#123;</span><br><span class="line">                log.info(<span class="string">&quot;向138xxxxxxxx发送短信！&quot;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">            &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        &#125; <span class="keyword">catch</span> (Exception e) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            e.printStackTrace();</span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


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